Charity (infaq), as one of the fundamental concepts in the Holy Quran and Hadith literature, plays a significant role in promoting social, economic, and spiritual justice. Using a descriptive–analytical method, this article comparatively examines the exegetical perspectives of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli and Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi on infaq. According to Ayatollah Javadi Amoli, infaq must be performed with sincere intention and for the sake of attaining nearness to God. He considers it an act that not only supports the needy but also nurtures the spiritual and moral growth of the giver. He also emphasizes giving from lawful (halal) wealth and observing moderation.
In contrast, Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi views infaq as an effective means of reducing poverty and establishing social justice. He argues that charity diminishes class disparities, strengthens social solidarity, and contributes to the formation of a healthy and harmonious society, regarding it as both a social and religious necessity.
The findings indicate that both exegetes agree that infaq is presented in the Quran as an encouraged act, reinforced by promises of divine reward in both this world and the hereafter. Moreover, charity not only assists the needy but also fosters a spirit of generosity and empathy within society. Ultimately, infaq, as a benevolent practice, serves as a powerful instrument for achieving social justice, reducing poverty, and cultivating a balanced and sustainable social order. Promoting a culture of infaq can thus contribute to both the spiritual and material advancement of individuals and the broader community.